Abreviations

A/V - audio/video A2DP - advanced audio distribution profile AAF - advanced authoring format AC - alternating current AC-3 - Advanced Cluster Computer Consortium ACCM - asynchronous control character map ACE - access control entry ACK - acknowledgement ACL - access control list ACM - Audio Compression Manager ACPI - Advanced Configuration and Power Interface ACPM - Active State Power Management ACR - advanced communication riser AD - Active Directory ADC - analog-to-digital converter ADF - automatic document feeder ADS - Automated Deployment Services AEC - acoustic echo cancellation AES - Advanced Encryption Standard AGC - automatic gain control AGP - accelerated graphics port AHCI - Advanced Host Controller Interface ALPC - adaptive link power control AMD - Advanced Micro Devices AMR - audio modem riser AP - access point; adjunct processor APC - asynchronous procedure call API - application programming interface APIC - advanced programmable interrupt controller APS - Advanced Photo System ARIB - Association of Radio Industries and Businesses ARP - Address Resolution Protocol ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASL - ACPI source language AT - Advanced Technology ATA - Advanced Technology Attachment ATAPI - ATA Packet Interface ATC - address translation control ATIS - Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions ATM - asynchronous transfer mode ATSC - Advanced Television Systems Committee AV/C - audio/video control AVCTP - Audio/Video Control Transport Protocol AVDTP - Audio/Video Distribution Transport Protocol BAR - base address register BCB - buffer control block BCD - binary coded decimal; boot configuration data BDA - broadcast driver architecture BE - best effort BIOS - basic input/output system BLOB - binary large object BMC - Baseboard Management Controller BOT - bulk-only transport bpp - bits per pixel bps - bits per second BRM - big real mode BSP - bit-slice processor CA - conditional access CBLID - cable ID DIFxAPP - Driver Install Framework for Applications DIRQL - device interrupt request level DLL - dynamic link library DLNA - Digital Living Network Alliance DLP - Data Loss Prevention DMA - Direct Memory Access DMO - DirectX media object DNS - Domain Name Service DO - device object DOCSIS - Data-over-Cable Service Interface Specification DOS - Denial of Service DDOS - Distributed Denial of Service DPC - deferred procedure call; display position counter DPI - dots per inch DPInst - Driver Package Installer DPLBASE - DMA position lower base address DPPE - device power policy engine DPUBASE - DMA position upper base address DPWS - Devices Profile for Web Services DRM - digital rights management DRS - Driver Reliability Signature DSCP - differential services control point DSDT - differentiated system description table DSF - device simulation framework DSL - digital subscriber line DSM - data source manager; device-specific module DSP - digital signal processor DSS - digital satellite system DSTN - double-layer supertwisted nematic DTE - data terminal equipment DTM - driver test manager DTV - digital television DUN - dial-up networking DV - digital video DVB - digital video broadcasting DVD - digital video disc DVI - Digital Video Interface DVR - digital video recorder DWA - device wire adapter DWG - Device Working Group DXGI - DirectX Graphics Infrastructure DXVA - DirectX video acceleration EAP - Extensible Authentication Protocol EC - embedded controller ECC - error correction code ECMA - European Computer Manufacturers Association ECN - engineering change notice ECP - extended capabilities port ECR - engineering change request EDD - enhanced disk drive services E - DDC - extended display data channel EDID - extended display identification data EDR - event data recorder E - EDID - enhanced extended display identification data EFI - Extensible Firmware Interface EHCI - Enhanced Host Controller Interface EIA - Electronic Industries Association EMF - enhanced metafile EPT - extended page table ESCD - extended system configuration data ESD - electrostatic discharge ETSI - European Telecommunications Standards Institute ETW - event tracing for Windows EULA - end user license agreement ExCA - exchangeable card architecture EXIF - exchangeable image file FFACS - firmware ACPI control structure FADT - fixed ACPI description table FC - Fibre Channel FCC - Federal Communications Commission FC - FS - Fibre Channel Framing and Signaling FC - HBA - Common HBA API FCP - function control protocol FCP - 2 - Fibre Channel Protocol for SCSI, Version 2 FDC - floppy disk controller FDO - functional device object FIFO - first - in, first - out FIR - fast infrared FIS - frame information structure FM - frequency modulation FQDN - fully qualified domain name FS - file system; full scale FSCTL - file system control FUA - force unit access GART - graphics address remapping table GB - gigabyte GDI - graphics device interface GDT - global descriptor table GFX - global effects GHz - gigahertz GMO - guest memory operation GPA - guest physical address GPADL - guest physical address descriptor list GPDPT - guest page directory pointer table GPDT - guest page directory table GPE - general purpose event GPIO - general - purpose I/O GPML4T - guest page map level 4 table GPO - group policy object GPRS - general packet radio services GPT - GUID partition table; guest page table GPU - graphics processing unit GQoS - generic quality of service GRE - generic routing encapsulation GTF - generalized timing formula GUI - graphical user interface GUID - globally unique identifier GVA - guest virtual address GXC - GDI - to - XPS conversion HAL - hardware abstraction layer HBA - host bus adapter HCI - host controller interface HCL - hardware compatibility list HCT - hardware compatibility test HD - high - definition HDA - High Definition Audio [Intel] HDC - hard disk controller HDCP - high - bandwidth digital content protection HDD - hard disk drive HDK - hardware development kit HDLC - high - level data link control HDMI - high - definition multimedia interface HDTV - high - definition television HFS - hardware functionality scan HID - human interface device HPC - high - performance computing HPD - hot plug detect HPET - high precision event timer HPNA - home phone network adapter HTML - Hypertext Markup Language HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol HWA - host wire adapter Hz – hertz. I/O - input/output I2C - Inter - integrated circuit I2O - intelligent I/O IANA - Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IA - PC - Intel Architecture personal computer ICC - International Color Consortium ICM - image color management ICMP - Internet Control Message Protocol ID - identifier IDCT - inverse discrete - cosine transform IDE - Integrated Device Electronics IDT - interrupt dispatch table IE - information element IEC - International Electrotechnical Commission IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IETF - Internet Engineering Task Force IFS - installable file system IFSC - information field size integrated circuit card IFSD - information field size device IGD - Internet gateway device IGMP - Internet Group Management Protocol IHV - independent hardware vendor IID - interface identifier; instance identifier IKE - Internet key exchange IM - intermediate INCITS - InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards INI - initialization files IO/MMIO - I/O or memory - mapped I/O IOCTL - I/O control IP - Internet Protocol IPMI - Intelligent Platform Management Interface IPsec - Internet Protocol security IPTV - Internet Protocol television IPv6 - Internet Protocol version 6 IR - infrared IrDA - Infrared Data Association IrLAP - Infrared Link Access Protocol IrLMP - Infrared Link Management Protocol IRP - I/O request packet IrPHY - IrDA Serial Infrared Physical Layer Link Specification IrPnP - IrDA Plug and Play Extensions to IrLMP IRQ - interrupt request IRQL - interrupt request level IrTinyTP - Infrared Tiny Transport Protocol ISA - Industry Standard Architecture ISC - Interconnect Standard Consortium iSCSI - Internet small computer system interface ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network iSNS - Internet Server Name Service ISO - International Standards Organization ISP - Internet service provider ISR - interrupt service routine IST - interrupt service thread ISV - independent software vendor ITU - International Telecommunications Union ITU - T - International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardization IU - information unit; Internet update IVMS - interactive virtual machine session JEITA - Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts Group K - kilobyte Kbps - kilobits per second KCS - Keyboard Controller Style Kg - kilogram kHz - kilohertz KMCL - kernel - mode client library KMDF - Kernel Mode Driver Framework KS - kernel streaming KVM - keyboard, video, and mouse LAN - local area network LAPM - link apcess protocol for modem LBA - logical block addressing LBN - logical block number LCD - liquid crystal display LCP - Link Control Protocol LEAP - Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol LFE - low - frequency effects LFX - local effects LLD2 - Link Layer Discovery and Diagnostics LLTD - link layer topology discovery LLTD - Link Layer Topology Discovery LPC - local procedure call LPD - line printer daemon LPR - line printer remote LSB - least significant bit LSO - large send offload LU - logical unit LUN - logical unit number LUT - look - up table LVDS - low - voltage differential signaling MAC - Media Access Control MAC - Media Access Control MADT - multiple APIC description table Mb - megabit MB - megabyte; memory block MBE - memory block entry MBP - memory block page Mbps - megabits per second MCCS - Monitor Control Command Set MCI - Multimedia Control Interface MCX - Media Center Extender MD4 - Message Direct 4 MDF - Microsoft Meta - Data Framework MDK - Modem Developers Kit MDL - memory descriptor list MF - multifunction MFP - multifunction printer MFT - master file table MHz - megahertz MIB - management information base MIDI - Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIMO - multiple - input multiple - output MIPS - millions of instructions per second mm - millimeter MMC - multimedia card; Microsoft Management Console MMIO - memory - mapped I/O MMU - memory - management unit MO - magneto - optic MOF - managed object format MOM - Microsoft Operations Manager MPEG - Motion Picture Experts Group MPIO - Multipath I/O MR - modem riser MRL - manual retention latch ms - millisecond MSAS - multiple shadow address space MSB - most - significant bit MSC - most - significant character MSI - message signaled interrupt MSR - Microsoft reserved partition MTBF - mean time between failures MTP - Media Transfer Protocol MTS - multichannel television sound MTU - maximum transmission unit MUI - multilingual user interface MUX - multiplexer MXC - media center extender MXDW - Microsoft XPS Document Writer NABTS - North American Basic Teletext Specification NAK - negative acknowledgment NAND - Not AND NAP - Network Access Protection NAS - network - attached storage NAT - network address translation NAVI - D - New Analog Video Interface - Digital NAVI - P - New Analog Video Interface - Portable NAVI - V - New Analog Video Interface – VGA NCQ - native command queuing NDA - non - disclosure agreement NDIS - Network Driver Interface Specification NIC - network interface card NLA - network location awareness NLB - network load balancing NS - noise suppression NTFS - NT file system NTLDR - Windows NT Loader NTSC - National Television System Committee NUMA - nonuniform memory access NVRAM - non - volatile random access memory OAL - OEM adaptation layer OCA - Online Crash Analysis OCUR - OpenCable unidirectional receivers OEM - original equipment manufacturer OHCI - Open Host Controller Interface OID - object identifier OOBE - out - of - box experience OPK - open product key OPM - output protection management OS - operating system OSI - open systems interconnection OSPM - operating system - directed power management OSTA - Optical Storage Technology Association OUI - organizationally unique identifier P2P - peer - to - peer PA - physical address PAE - physical address extension PAL - phase alternation line; Platform Abstraction Layer PAN - personal area network PAP - protected audio path PATA - parallel ATA PAWS - protection against wrapping sequence PC - personal computer PCB - printed circuit board PCI - Peripheral Component Interconnect PCIe - PCI Express PCIIO - PCI I/O PCL - printer control language PCM - pulse code modulation PCMCIA - Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PD - phase dual PDA - personal digital assistant PDB - parallel data base PDL - page description language PDO - physical device object PE - Protected Environment; portable executable PES - packetized elementary stream PFD - PREfast for drivers PHY - Physical layer PIC - programmable interrupt controller; publisher identity certificate PID - product identifier PIM - personal information manager PIMA - Photographic and Imaging Manufacturers Association PIN - personal identification number PIO - programmed input/output PM - power management PME - power management event PMP - protected media path PNP, PnP - Plug and Play PnP - X - Plug and Play Extensions POS - point of sale POST - power - on self test POTS - plain old telephone service ppi - points per inch PPM - parent partition mapping PPP - Point - to - Point Protocol PRCB - processor control block PRCS - proactive reporting and correcting safeguard PS2 - Personal System 2 PSH - push PSHED - platform - specific hardware error driver PSK - product service key PSS - product support services PSTN - public switched telephone network PTE - page table entry PTEC - page table edit control PTP - Picture Transfer Protocol PTS - page table shadowing PTS - presentation time stamp PU - partition unit PUMA - protected user - mode audio PVP - protected video path PVR - personal video recorder PXE - preboot execution environment QAM - quadrature amplitude modulation QFE - quick - fix engineering QIC - quarter - inch cartridge QoS - quality of service qWAVE - quality Windows audio/video experience. RADIUS - Remote Authentication Dial - in User Service RAID - redundant array of independent disks RAM - random access memory RBC - reduced block command RCA - Radio Corporation of America RDMA - remote direct memory access RDP - Remote Desktop Protocol RF - radio frequency RFC - request for comment RG - residential gateway RGB - red green blue RIP - raster image processor RIRB - response input ring buffer RIS - remote installation server RME - real - mode emulator RMS - Rights Management Services RNDIS - Remote Network Driver Interface Specification ROM - read - only memory RPC - remote procedure call RSDP - root system description pointer RSS - receive - side scaling RSSI - received signal strength indication RST - reset RT - real time RTC - real - time clock RTCP - Real Time Control Protocol RTP - Real - Time Transport Protocol RW - readable/writable. s - second S/PDIF - Sony/Philips Digital Interface Format S/T - pseudo - ternary SACL - system access control list SAL - system abstraction layer SAM - SCSI architecture mode SAN - storage area network SAP - secondary audio programming SAPIC - streamlined advanced programmable interrupt controller SAS - serial attached SCSI; shadow address space SATA - Serial ATA SBC - SCSI block command SBP - serial bus protocol SCI - system control interrupt SCSI - small computer system interface SD - secure digital SDDL - security descriptor definition language SDIO - secure digital I/O SDK - Software Development Kit SDO - serial data out SDP - Sockets Direct Protocol SDTV - standard - definition television SDV - Static Driver Verifier SECAM - Sequential Color with Memory SFF - small form factor SID - security identifier SIG - special interest group SIOM - server I/O module SIR - serial infrared SKU - stock keeping unit SLAM - Software, Languages, Analysis, and Modeling SLAT - second - level address translation SMART - self - monitoring, analysis, and reporting technology SMBIOS - system management BIOS SMC - SDSI media changer SMI - system management interrupt SMM - system management mode SMP - symmetric multiprocessing SMPTE - Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol SNR - signal - to - noise ratio SOAP - Simple Object Access Protocol SoC - system on a chip SoftAP - "Soft" Access Point SoIP - storage - over - IP SP - service pack SPA - system physical address SPC - SCSI primary commands SPDPT - shadow page directory pointer table SPDT - shadow page directory table SPI - SCSI parallel interface SPID - service profile identifier SPML4T - shadow page map level - 4 table SPP - serial port profile SPT - shadow page table SRB - SCSI request block SRC - sample rate conversion sRGB - standard red - green - blue SRTM - static root of trust for measurement SSDP - Simple Service Discovery Protocol SSID - service set identifier SSL - secure sockets layer STB - set - top box STI - still image architecture STP - Spanning Tree Protocol SUT - system under test SVID - subsystem vendor ID SVM - See secure virtual machine TC - traffic control TCG - Trusted Computer Group TCP - Transmission Control Protocol TCS - trusted configuration space TDI - transport driver interface TIA - Telecommunications Industry Association TLC - third - level cache TLV - type length value TLV - type - length - value TMF - trace message format TMM - Transient Multimon Manager TOE - TCP offload engine TPL - Trusted Products List TPM - Trusted Platform Module TV - television TVAF - TV Anytime Forum UAA - Universal Audio Architecture UAGP - universal accelerated graphics port UAP - user account protection UART - universal asynchronous receiver - transmitter UDCR - uni - directional cable receiver UDF - universal disk format UDMA - ultra - direct memory access UDP - User Datagram Protocol UEFI - Unified Extended Firmware Interface UFD - USB flash drive UFDA - USB Flash Drive Alliance UHCI - Universal Host Controller Interface UI - user interface UMA - user - mode audio UMDF - User Mode Driver Fframework UML - Unified Modeling Language UMV - User Mode Bus UNC - universal naming convention UPnP - universal Plug and Play URB - universal request block URI - uniform resource identifier USB - Universal Serial Bus USB - IF - USB Implementers Forum USN - unique service name UUID - universally unique identifier UVC - USB video class UWB - ultrawide band UX - user experience. VA - video acceleration; virtual address VBE - VESA BIOS extension VBI - vertical blanking interval VBR - variable bit rate VC - virtual channel Vcc - Voltage at the common collector (positive [+] electrical connection) VCP - Virtual Control Program Interface VCR - video cassette recorder VDS - virtual disk service VESA - Video Electronics Standards Association VFIR - very fast infrared VGA - video graphics array VHD - virtual hard disk VHF - very high frequency VID - vendor ID; virtualization infrastructure driver VLAN - virtual local area network VM - virtual machine VMBus - virtual machine bus VML - virtual machine library VMR - video mixing renderer VoIP - voice over IP VP - virtual processor VPD - vital product data VPN - virtual private network Vrms - volt root mean square VSB - vestigial side band VSC - virtualization service client VSMM - virtualization stack memory manager VSP - virtualization service provider VSS - volume shadow copy service VT - [Intel] Virtualization Technology. WAN - wide area network WAP - Wireless Application Protocol WaveRT - wave real time WBEM - Web - Based Enterprise Management WC - write - combined WCN - Windows Connect Now WCS - Windows color system WDDM - Window Display Driver Model WDF - Windows Driver Foundation WDK - Windows Driver Kit WDM - Windows Driver Model WDRT - watchdog resource table WDT - watchdog timers WDTF - Windows device testing framework WEP - wired equivalent privacy WER - Windows error reporting WFA - Wi - Fi Alliance WFP - Windows Filtering Platform WGF - Windows Graphics Foundation WHCI - wireless host controller interface WHDC - Windows Hardware Developer Central WHEA - Windows hardware error architecture WHQL - Windows Hardware Quality Labs WIA - Windows image acquisition Wi - Fi - wireless fidelity Winqual - Windows Quality Online Services WinSAT - Windows System Assessment Tool WiX - Windows Installer XML WLAN - wireless LAN WLP - Windows Logo Program WMA - Windows Media Audio WMDM - Windows Media device manager WMDRM - Windows Media digital rights management WME - wireless multimedia extension WMI - Windows Management Instrumentation WMM - wireless multimedia WMV - Windows Media video WMX - Web Services for Management extension WOL - wake - on LAN WOW64 - Microsoft Windows - 32 - bit - on - Windows - 64 - bit WPA - Wi - Fi protected access WPAN - wireless personal area network WPD - Windows portable devices WPF - Windows Presentation Foundation WPP - Windows software trace preprocessor WQL - WMI query language WRE - write cache enable WSC - Wi - Fi Simple Configuration WSD - Web Services for Devices WSDAPI - Web Services for Devices API WSK - Winsock kernel WUSB - wireless USB WWAN - wireless wide area network WWN - worldwide name WYSIWYG - what you see is what you get WZC - wireless zero configuration. XAML - extensible application markup language XDDM - Windows XP Display Driver Model XGC - XPS - to - GDI conversion XID - transaction ID XML - extensible markup language XPDDM - Windows XP Display Driver Model XPS - XML Paper Specification XSD - XML schema definition XSDT - extended system description table XSP - Extender Session Protocol XUSB - Xbox 360 Universal Serial Bus

Abbreviations Explained

ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

BRI Basic Rate Interface

CAPI Computer Application Programme Interface

CCU Computer Control Unit

CLIP Caller Line Identification Presentation

CTI Computer Telephony Interface

DDI Direct Dial Inward

Ethernet Internal Network

GAP Generic Access Profile

GUI Graphical User Interface

IP Internet Protocol

INTRANET Internal Network

ISDN Integrated Service Digital Network

LAN Local Area Network

MAPI Message Application Programme Interface

MOH Music On Hold

MSN Multiple Subscriber Numbers

ODBC Open Database Connectivity

PRI Primary Rate Interface

Router PC Bridger

SME Small, Medium Enterprise

SO BUS Digital Connection

SOHO Small Office, Home Office

TAPI Telephony Application Programme Interface

TCP/IP Telephone Computer Protocol Internet Provider

TFE Door Opening Module

TRUNK Channel

VOIP Voice Over Internet Protocol

WAN Wide Area Network

10 BASE T 10 Meg Connection

100 BASE T 100 Meg Connection 

  